Agraulis

Agraulis Boisduval & Le Conte, [1835]

Agraulis Boisduval & Le Conte, [1835]; Hist. Lép. Am. Sept. (11-22): 142; TS: Papilio vanillae Linnaeus

Agraulis; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 169; [LepIndex]; [iNaturalist] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Agraulis (Heliconiina); Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 290
Agraulis (Heliconiinae); Michener, 1942, Amer. Mus. Novit. No. 1197: 5
Agraulis (Heliconiini); [NL4A], 264; [Wahlberg, 2023]

Agraulis vanillae (Linnaeus, 1758)

S.USA, Neotropical. See [maps] Gulf Fritillary

Papilio vanillae Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 482; TL: "In Epdendro Vanilla Americes" [S.America, Surinam?]

Agraulis vanillae; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 171; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 671; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 12; [NACL], #4413; [NAB], 538; [BCR], 189; [Opler]; [NL4A], #2362; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 290; Benyamini, Ugarte, Shapiro, Mielke, Pyrcz & Bálint, 2014, Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile 63: 18 (list); [LepIndex] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BAMONA] ; [GALEPS]
Dione vanillae; Butler & Druce, 1874, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1874 (3): 350; [BOW]: pl. 12, f. 16; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

600x851 (~83Kb) USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 3.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela	1300x1045 (~200Kb) larva USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 3.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela	1776x1162 (~273Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, Jeff., Co. 22.8.1999, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1315x1162 (~206Kb) underside USA: Alabama, Jeff., Co. 22.8.1999, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x1050 (~162Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 20.9.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1800x1195 (~328Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 17.9.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny
700x1041 (~81Kb) USA: Alabama, 11.9.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	700x1017 (~112Kb) pupa USA: Alabama, 11.9.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	700x972 (~112Kb) pupa USA: Alabama, 11.9.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1000x788 (~103Kb) larva USA: Alabama, 11.9.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1500x1125 (~286Kb) larva USA: Alabama, 28.9.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	567x659 (~69Kb) Plate No. 25 © MERIAN

A. v. vanillae

Papilio passiflorae Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 60 (repl. Papilio vanillae Linnaeus); TL: America
- = ; [NL4A], #2362a
- = Agraulis vanillae; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 291

Agraulis vanillae vanillae; [NL4A], #2362a

A. v. lucina C. & R. Felder, 1862 Peru

Agraulis lucina C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (4): 110; TL: "Rio Negro" [= Peru, San Martin]
Dione vanillae catella Stichel, 1908; Genera Insectorum 63: 18, pl. 2, f. 3; TL: Peru
- = Argaulis vanillae lucina × vanillae maculosa; Ackery & Smiles, 1976, Bull. Brit. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 32: 182, pl. 2, f. 13
- = ; [NL4A], #2362f (hyb.)

Agraulis vanillae catella; [LepIndex]
Agraulis vanillae lucina; Ackery & Smiles, 1976, Bull. Brit. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 32: 195, pl. 2, f. 12; [EBW]; [EcuL]; [NL4A], #2362f; [LepIndex]

A. v. insularis Maynard, 1889 Antilles, Bahamas

Agraulis insularis Maynard, 1889; Contr. Science 1 (2): 89; TL: Bahamas

Agraulis vanillae insularis; [NL4A], #2362e; [EBW], (name only); [LepIndex]

A. v. galapagensis Holland, 1889 Galapagos Galapagos Fritillary

Agraulis vanillae var. galapagensis Holland, 1889; Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 12: 194; TL: [Ecuador, Galápagos Is.] Clatham Island

Agraulis vanillae galapagensis; Williams, 1911, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 298; Beebe, 1923, Zoologica 5 (3): 55; Van Duzee, 1933, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 21 (12): 141; [EBW], (name only); [EcuL]; Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 40, f. 9-10; [NL4A], #2362c; [LepIndex]
Dione vanillae galapagensis; Stichel, 1938, in Bryk, Lepid. Cat. 86: 92; Michener, 1942, Amer. Mus. Novit. No. 1215: 4; Linsley & Usinger, 1966, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 33: 156; [iNaturalist]

A. v. maculosa (Stichel, 1908) Brazil(Espírito Santo), Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina

Dione vanillae maculosa Stichel, 1908; Genera Insectorum 63: 18; TL: Brazil, Espírito Santo; Paraguay
Papilio argentea Larrañaga, 1923; Imprenta nacional. 2: (1-512); TL: Uruguay
- = ; [NL4A], #2362g
Dione vanillae f. superargentata Giacomelli, 1925; Rev. Chilen. Hist. Nat. 29: 228, f. 30; TL: Argentina
- = ; [NL4A], #2362g

Agraulis vanillae maculosa; Ackery & Smiles, 1976, Bull. Brit. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 32: 196, pl. 2, f. 11; [EBW], (name only); Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 97; [NL4A], #2362g; [LepIndex]
Dione vanillae maculosa; [iNaturalist]

A. v. forbesi Michener, 1942 Peru

Agraulis vanillae forbesi Michener, 1942; Amer. Mus. Novit. No. 1215: 3; TL: Lima, Peru

Agraulis vanillae forbesi; [EBW], (name only); [NL4A], #2362b; [LepIndex]

Agraulis incarnata (Riley, 1926)

Mexico, California. See [maps]

Dione vanillae incarnata Riley, 1926; Entomologist 59 (9): 243; TL: near Durango City, Mexio
Dione vanillae ab. ♂ comstocki Gunder, 1925; Ent. News 36: 5, pl. 1, f. T; TL: California
- = Agraulis vanillae incarnata; [NL4A], #2362d; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 291
Dione vanillae insularis tr.f. fumosus Gunder, 1927; Ent. News. 38 (5): 137, pl. 2, f. 9; TL: California
- = Agraulis vanillae incarnata; [NL4A], #2362d; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 291
Dione vanillae f. incarnata tr.f. margineapertus Gunder, 1928; ; TL: California
- = Agraulis vanillae incarnata; [NL4A], #2362d; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 291
Dione vanillae f. incarnata tr.f. hewlettae Gunder, [1930]; Bull. Brooklyn ent. Soc. 24 (5): 327, pl. 31, f. 7; TL: California
- = Agraulis vanillae incarnata; [NL4A], #2362d; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 291

Agraulis vanillae incarnata; Ackery & Smiles, 1976, Bull. Brit. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 32: 193, pl. 1, f. 10; [NACL], #4413b; [NL4A], #2362d; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 291; [LepIndex]
Dione incarnata; Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2020, Taxonomic Rep. 8 (7): 24; [MPG] ; [BOA]
Dione vanillae incarnata; [iNaturalist]

A. i. nigrior (Michener, 1942) Florida

Agraulis vanillae nigrior Michener, 1942; Amer. Mus. Novit. No. 1215: 7; TL: Upper Matecumbe Key, Florida

Agraulis vanillae nigrior; [NACL], #4413a; [NL4A], #2362h; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 291; [LepIndex]
Dione incarnata nigrior; Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2020, Taxonomic Rep. 8 (7): 24; [BOA]

Agraulis sp.

Peru. See [maps]

Agraulis ; Lamas, MS
Agraulis sp.; [NL4A], #2363

References:

[BAMONA] Opler, Pavulaan, Stanford & Pogue
Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
[BCA] electronic
BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[BOA] Interactive Listing of American Butterflies
Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
[GALEPS] Moths and Butterflies of Georgia and the Southeastern United States
James K. Adams; Dept. of Natural Science, Dalton State College, Dalton, GA ; http://www.daltonstate.edu/galeps/index.htm
[JLS]
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles
[LAMAS-NEO] Gerardo Lamas
Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[LEPIFORUM]
Lepiforum; Bestimmung von Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und ihren Präimaginalstadien
[LepIndex] Global Lepidoptera Index
Beccaloni, G., Scoble, M., Kitching, I., Simonsen, T., Robinson, G., Pitkin, B., Hine, A., Lyal, C., Ollerenshaw, J., Wing, P., & Hobern, D. (2024). Global Lepidoptera Index. In O. Bánki, Y. Roskov, M. Döring, G. Ower, D. R. Hernández Robles, C. A. Plata Corredor, T. Stjernegaard Jeppesen, A. Örn, L. Vandepitte, D. Hobern, P. Schalk, R. E. DeWalt, K. Ma, J. Miller, T. Orrell, R. Aalbu, J. Abbott, R. Adlard, C. Aedo, et al., Catalogue of Life Checklist (1.1.24.106); https://doi.org/10.48580/dg4lg-49xk
[MERIAN] Merian, M. S., 1705
Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium. Of te verandering der Surinaamsche insecten. Waar in de Surinaamsche rupsen en wormen met alle des zelfs veranderingen, na het leven afgebeeld en beschreeven worden, zynde elk geplaast op die gewassen, bloemen en vruchten, daar sy op gevonden zyn; waar in ook de generatie der kirkvorschen, wonderbaare padden, hagedissen, slangen, spinnen en mieren werden vertoond en beschreeven, alles in America na het leven en levensgroote geschildert en beschreeven; pp. 1-60, pl. 1-60; Image from Francisco Welter-Schultes
[MPG]
North American Moth Photographers Group
[NHM-BMW] Natural History Museum
Butterflies and Moths of the World; Generic Names and their Type-species
[Opler] Opler & Warren, 2003
Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.
[Vitaly Charny]
Birmingham, Alabama, USA
[Wahlberg]
Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group
[iNaturalist]
iNaturalist
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

Some related literature:

Ackery & Smiles, 1976
An illustrated list of the type-specimens of the Heliconiidae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the British Museum (Natural History) Bull. Brit. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 32 : 173-214, pl. 1-39
Beebe, 1923
Notes on Galápagos Lepidoptera Zoologica 5 (3) : 51-59
Benyamini, Ugarte, Shapiro, Mielke, Pyrcz & Bálint, 2014
An updated list of the butterflies of Chile (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) including distribution, flight period and conservation status. Part I, Comprising the families: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nympalidae (in part) and Hesperiidae. Describing a new species of Hypsochila (Pieridae) and a new subspecies of Yramea modesta (Nymphalidae) Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile 63 : 9-31
Boisduval & Le Conte, [1835]
Histoire générale et iconographie des lépidoptères et des chenilles de l'Amérique septentrionale Hist. Lép. Am. Sept. (1): 1-16. pl. 1-3 (1829), (2): 17-24, pl. 4-6 (1829), (3/4): 25-40, pl. 7-12 ([1830]), (5/6): 41-56, pl. 13-18 ([1830]), (7/8): 57-80, pl. 19-24 ([1830]), (9/10): 81-100, pl. 25-30 (1833), (11-22): 101-196, pl. 31-65 ([1835]), (23-26): 197-228, pl. 66-78 ([1837])
Brown & Mielke, 1967
Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 77-106, (3): 145-168
Butler & Druce, 1874
List of the butterflies of Costa Rica, with descriptions of new species Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1874 (3) : 330-370
Van Duzee, 1933
The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. No. 12. The Diurnal Lepidoptera of the Expedition Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 21 (12) : 139-146
Dyar, 1903
A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 1-723
Fabricius, 1793
Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta. Ent. Syst. 3 (1) : 1-487
C. & R. Felder, 1862
Specimen faunae lepidopterologicae riparum fluminis Negro superioris in Brasilia septentrionali Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (3): 65-80, (4): 109-126, (6): 175-192, (7): 229-235
Godman & Salvin, [1882]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. Vol. 1. (1879-1886) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 1-487, 3: pl. 1-24,24a,25-112
Godman & Salvin, [1901]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-741 (?782), 3: pl. 1-112
Gunder, 1925
Several New Varieties of and Aberrant Lepidoptera (Rhopalocera) from California Ent. News 36 : 1-9, pl. 1
Gunder, 1927
New transition forms of "abs" and their classification Ent. News. 38 (5) : 129-138, pl. 2
Gunder, [1930]
New butterflies and sundry notes (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) Bull. Brooklyn ent. Soc. 24 (5) : 325-332, pl. 30-31
[NACL]; Hodges, 1983
Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico Check List Lep. Am. N of Mexico
Holland, 1889
In Howard, Scientific results of explorations by the U.S. fish commission steamer Albatross. No. V. Annotated catalogue of the insects collected in 1877-'88 Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 12 : 185-216
[NL4A]; Lamas, 2004
Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera
Larrañaga, 1923
Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga. Lo publica el Institute Histórico y Geográfico del Uruguay Imprenta nacional. 2: 1-512
[BOW]; Lewis, 1974
Butterflies of the World
Linnaeus, 1758
Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 1-338, : 339-824
Linsley & Usinger, 1966
Insects of Galápagos islands Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 33: 113-196
Maynard, 1889
Description of a new species of butterfly from the West Indies Contr. Science 1 (2) : 88-92, pl. 8
Michener, 1942
A generic revision of the Heliconiinae (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) Amer. Mus. Novit. No. 1197 : 1-8
Michener, 1942
A review of the subspecies of Agraulis vanillae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Amer. Mus. Novit. No. 1215: 1-7
Pelham, 2008
A catalogue of the butterflies of the United States and Canada J. Res. Lepid. 40 : 1-652
[NAB]; Pyle, 1981
Field Guide to North American Butterflies, National Audubon Society
[EcuL]; Racheli & Racheli, 2001
An annotated list of Ecuadorian Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae) Frag. ent. 33 (2) : 213-380
Riley, 1926
Colaenis and Dione (Lep. Nymphalidae): A revisional note on the species Entomologist 59 (9) : 240-245
Roque-Albelo, 2004
The butterflies (Papilionoidea, Hesperoidea) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador: distribution, hostplants and biology J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1) : 33-43
[EBW]; Smart, 1976
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World Illust. Encyp. Butt. World: -
Stichel, 1908
Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. Fam. Nymphalidae. Subfam. Dioninae Genera Insectorum 63 : 1-38, pl. 1-3
Stichel, 1938
Nymphalidae I: Subfam.: Dioninae, Anetiinae, Apaturinae in Bryk, Lepid. Cat. 86 : 1-374
[BCR]; DeVries, 1987
Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae The Butterflies of Costa Rica 1
Williams, 1911
Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Galápagos Islands, 1905-1906. II. The butterflies and hawk-moths of the Galápagos Islands Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 289-322
Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2020
Genomic evidence suggests further changes of butterfly names Taxonomic Rep. 8 (7) : 1-41

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