patch-2.4.6 linux/drivers/mtd/nftlcore.c

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diff -u --recursive --new-file v2.4.5/linux/drivers/mtd/nftlcore.c linux/drivers/mtd/nftlcore.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1094 @@
+/* Linux driver for NAND Flash Translation Layer      */
+/* (c) 1999 Machine Vision Holdings, Inc.             */
+/* Author: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>      */
+/* $Id: nftlcore.c,v 1.73 2001/06/09 01:09:43 dwmw2 Exp $ */
+
+/*
+  The contents of this file are distributed under the GNU General
+  Public License version 2. The author places no additional
+  restrictions of any kind on it.
+ */
+
+#define PRERELEASE
+
+#include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <asm/errno.h>
+#include <asm/io.h>
+#include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/blkpg.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_KMOD
+#include <linux/kmod.h>
+#endif
+#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/nftl.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/compatmac.h>
+
+/* maximum number of loops while examining next block, to have a
+   chance to detect consistency problems (they should never happen
+   because of the checks done in the mounting */
+
+#define MAX_LOOPS 10000
+
+/* NFTL block device stuff */
+#define MAJOR_NR NFTL_MAJOR
+#define DEVICE_REQUEST nftl_request
+#define DEVICE_OFF(device)
+
+
+#include <linux/blk.h>
+#include <linux/hdreg.h>
+
+/* Linux-specific block device functions */
+
+/* I _HATE_ the Linux block device setup more than anything else I've ever
+ *  encountered, except ...
+ */
+
+static int nftl_sizes[256];
+static int nftl_blocksizes[256];
+
+/* .. for the Linux partition table handling. */
+struct hd_struct part_table[256];
+
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20328
+static void dummy_init (struct gendisk *crap)
+{}
+#endif
+
+static struct gendisk nftl_gendisk = {
+	major:		MAJOR_NR,
+	major_name:	"nftl",
+	minor_shift:	NFTL_PARTN_BITS,	/* Bits to shift to get real from partition */
+	max_p:		(1<<NFTL_PARTN_BITS)-1,	/* Number of partitions per real */
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20328
+	max_nr:		MAX_NFTLS,      /* maximum number of real */
+	init:		dummy_init,     /* init function */
+#endif
+	part:		part_table,     /* hd struct */
+	sizes:		nftl_sizes,     /* block sizes */
+};
+
+struct NFTLrecord *NFTLs[MAX_NFTLS];
+
+static void NFTL_setup(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct NFTLrecord *nftl;
+	unsigned long temp;
+	int firstfree = -1;
+
+	DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1,"NFTL_setup\n");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < MAX_NFTLS; i++) {
+		if (!NFTLs[i] && firstfree == -1)
+			firstfree = i;
+		else if (NFTLs[i] && NFTLs[i]->mtd == mtd) {
+			/* This is a Spare Media Header for an NFTL we've already found */
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "MTD already mounted as NFTL\n");
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+        if (firstfree == -1) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "No more NFTL slot available\n");
+		return;
+        }
+
+	nftl = kmalloc(sizeof(struct NFTLrecord), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!nftl) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "Out of memory for NFTL data structures\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	init_MUTEX(&nftl->mutex);
+
+        /* get physical parameters */
+	nftl->EraseSize = mtd->erasesize;
+        nftl->nb_blocks = mtd->size / mtd->erasesize;
+	nftl->mtd = mtd;
+
+        if (NFTL_mount(nftl) < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "Could not mount NFTL device\n");
+		kfree(nftl);
+		return;
+        }
+
+	/* OK, it's a new one. Set up all the data structures. */
+#ifdef PSYCHO_DEBUG
+	printk("Found new NFTL nftl%c\n", firstfree + 'a');
+#endif
+
+        /* linux stuff */
+	nftl->usecount = 0;
+	nftl->cylinders = 1024;
+	nftl->heads = 16;
+
+	temp = nftl->cylinders * nftl->heads;
+	nftl->sectors = nftl->nr_sects / temp;
+	if (nftl->nr_sects % temp) {
+		nftl->sectors++;
+		temp = nftl->cylinders * nftl->sectors;
+		nftl->heads = nftl->nr_sects / temp;
+
+		if (nftl->nr_sects % temp) {
+			nftl->heads++;
+			temp = nftl->heads * nftl->sectors;
+			nftl->cylinders = nftl->nr_sects / temp;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (nftl->nr_sects != nftl->heads * nftl->cylinders * nftl->sectors) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "Cannot calculate an NFTL geometry to "
+		       "match size of 0x%lx.\n", nftl->nr_sects);
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "Using C:%d H:%d S:%d (== 0x%lx sects)\n", 
+		       nftl->cylinders, nftl->heads , nftl->sectors, 
+		       (long)nftl->cylinders * (long)nftl->heads * (long)nftl->sectors );
+
+		/* Oh no we don't have nftl->nr_sects = nftl->heads * nftl->cylinders * nftl->sectors; */
+	}
+	NFTLs[firstfree] = nftl;
+	/* Finally, set up the block device sizes */
+	nftl_sizes[firstfree * 16] = nftl->nr_sects;
+	//nftl_blocksizes[firstfree*16] = 512;
+	part_table[firstfree * 16].nr_sects = nftl->nr_sects;
+
+	nftl_gendisk.nr_real++;
+
+	/* partition check ... */
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20328
+	resetup_one_dev(&nftl_gendisk, firstfree);
+#else
+	grok_partitions(&nftl_gendisk, firstfree, 1<<NFTL_PARTN_BITS, nftl->nr_sects);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void NFTL_unsetup(int i)
+{
+	struct NFTLrecord *nftl = NFTLs[i];
+
+	DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "NFTL_unsetup %d\n", i);
+	
+	NFTLs[i] = NULL;
+	
+	if (nftl->ReplUnitTable)
+		kfree(nftl->ReplUnitTable);
+	if (nftl->EUNtable)
+		kfree(nftl->EUNtable);
+		      
+	nftl_gendisk.nr_real--;
+	kfree(nftl);
+}
+
+/* Search the MTD device for NFTL partitions */
+static void NFTL_notify_add(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "NFTL_notify_add for %s\n", mtd->name);
+
+	if (mtd) {
+		if (!mtd->read_oob) {
+			/* If this MTD doesn't have out-of-band data,
+			   then there's no point continuing */
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "No OOB data, quitting\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3, "mtd->read = %p, size = %d, erasesize = %d\n", 
+		      mtd->read, mtd->size, mtd->erasesize);
+
+                NFTL_setup(mtd);
+	}
+}
+
+static void NFTL_notify_remove(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < MAX_NFTLS; i++) {
+		if (NFTLs[i] && NFTLs[i]->mtd == mtd)
+			NFTL_unsetup(i);
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFTL_RW
+
+/* Actual NFTL access routines */
+/* NFTL_findfreeblock: Find a free Erase Unit on the NFTL partition. This function is used
+ *	when the give Virtual Unit Chain
+ */
+static u16 NFTL_findfreeblock(struct NFTLrecord *nftl, int desperate )
+{
+	/* For a given Virtual Unit Chain: find or create a free block and
+	   add it to the chain */
+	/* We're passed the number of the last EUN in the chain, to save us from
+	   having to look it up again */
+	u16 pot = nftl->LastFreeEUN;
+	int silly = -1;
+
+	/* Normally, we force a fold to happen before we run out of free blocks completely */
+	if (!desperate && nftl->numfreeEUNs < 2) {
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "NFTL_findfreeblock: there are too few free EUNs\n");
+		return 0xffff;
+	}
+
+	/* Scan for a free block */
+	do {
+		if (nftl->ReplUnitTable[pot] == BLOCK_FREE) {
+			nftl->LastFreeEUN = pot;
+			nftl->numfreeEUNs--;
+			return pot;
+		}
+
+		/* This will probably point to the MediaHdr unit itself,
+		   right at the beginning of the partition. But that unit
+		   (and the backup unit too) should have the UCI set
+		   up so that it's not selected for overwriting */
+		if (++pot > nftl->lastEUN)
+			pot = le16_to_cpu(nftl->MediaHdr.FirstPhysicalEUN);
+
+		if (!silly--) {
+			printk("Argh! No free blocks found! LastFreeEUN = %d, "
+			       "FirstEUN = %d\n", nftl->LastFreeEUN, 
+			       le16_to_cpu(nftl->MediaHdr.FirstPhysicalEUN));
+			return 0xffff;
+		}
+	} while (pot != nftl->LastFreeEUN);
+
+	return 0xffff;
+}
+
+static u16 NFTL_foldchain (struct NFTLrecord *nftl, unsigned thisVUC, unsigned pendingblock )
+{
+	u16 BlockMap[MAX_SECTORS_PER_UNIT];
+	unsigned char BlockLastState[MAX_SECTORS_PER_UNIT];
+	unsigned char BlockFreeFound[MAX_SECTORS_PER_UNIT];
+	unsigned int thisEUN;
+	int block;
+	int silly;
+	unsigned int targetEUN;
+	struct nftl_oob oob;
+	int inplace = 1;
+        size_t retlen;
+
+	memset(BlockMap, 0xff, sizeof(BlockMap));
+	memset(BlockFreeFound, 0, sizeof(BlockFreeFound));
+
+	thisEUN = nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC];
+
+	if (thisEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "Trying to fold non-existent "
+		       "Virtual Unit Chain %d!\n", thisVUC);
+		return BLOCK_NIL;
+	}
+	
+	/* Scan to find the Erase Unit which holds the actual data for each
+	   512-byte block within the Chain.
+	*/
+        silly = MAX_LOOPS;
+	targetEUN = BLOCK_NIL;
+	while (thisEUN <= nftl->lastEUN ) {
+                unsigned int status, foldmark;
+
+		targetEUN = thisEUN;
+		for (block = 0; block < nftl->EraseSize / 512; block ++) {
+			MTD_READOOB(nftl->mtd,
+				    (thisEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + (block * 512),
+				    16 , &retlen, (char *)&oob);
+			if (block == 2) {
+                                foldmark = oob.u.c.FoldMark | oob.u.c.FoldMark1;
+                                if (foldmark == FOLD_MARK_IN_PROGRESS) {
+                                        DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, 
+                                              "Write Inhibited on EUN %d\n", thisEUN);
+					inplace = 0;
+				} else {
+					/* There's no other reason not to do inplace,
+					   except ones that come later. So we don't need
+					   to preserve inplace */
+					inplace = 1;
+				}
+			}
+                        status = oob.b.Status | oob.b.Status1;
+			BlockLastState[block] = status;
+
+			switch(status) {
+			case SECTOR_FREE:
+				BlockFreeFound[block] = 1;
+				break;
+
+			case SECTOR_USED:
+				if (!BlockFreeFound[block])
+					BlockMap[block] = thisEUN;
+				else
+					printk(KERN_WARNING 
+					       "SECTOR_USED found after SECTOR_FREE "
+					       "in Virtual Unit Chain %d for block %d\n",
+					       thisVUC, block);
+				break;
+			case SECTOR_IGNORE:
+			case SECTOR_DELETED:
+				break;
+			default:
+				printk("Unknown status for block %d in EUN %d: %x\n",
+				       block, thisEUN, status);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!silly--) {
+			printk(KERN_WARNING "Infinite loop in Virtual Unit Chain 0x%x\n",
+			       thisVUC);
+			return BLOCK_NIL;
+		}
+		
+		thisEUN = nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN];
+	}
+
+	if (inplace) {
+		/* We're being asked to be a fold-in-place. Check
+		   that all blocks are either present or SECTOR_FREE
+		   in the target block. If not, we're going to have
+		   to fold out-of-place anyway.
+		*/
+		for (block = 0; block < nftl->EraseSize / 512 ; block++) {
+			if (BlockLastState[block] != SECTOR_FREE &&
+			    BlockMap[block] != targetEUN) {
+				DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "Setting inplace to 0. VUC %d, "
+				      "block %d was %x lastEUN, "
+				      "and is in EUN %d (%s) %d\n",
+				      thisVUC, block, BlockLastState[block],
+				      BlockMap[block], 
+				      BlockMap[block]== targetEUN ? "==" : "!=",
+				      targetEUN);
+				inplace = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (pendingblock >= (thisVUC * (nftl->EraseSize / 512)) &&
+		    pendingblock < ((thisVUC + 1)* (nftl->EraseSize / 512)) &&
+		    BlockLastState[pendingblock - (thisVUC * (nftl->EraseSize / 512))] !=
+		    SECTOR_FREE) {
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "Pending write not free in EUN %d. "
+			      "Folding out of place.\n", targetEUN);
+			inplace = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	if (!inplace) {
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "Cannot fold Virtual Unit Chain %d in place. "
+		      "Trying out-of-place\n", thisVUC);
+		/* We need to find a targetEUN to fold into. */
+		targetEUN = NFTL_findfreeblock(nftl, 1);
+		if (targetEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
+			/* Ouch. Now we're screwed. We need to do a 
+			   fold-in-place of another chain to make room
+			   for this one. We need a better way of selecting
+			   which chain to fold, because makefreeblock will 
+			   only ask us to fold the same one again.
+			*/
+			printk(KERN_WARNING
+			       "NFTL_findfreeblock(desperate) returns 0xffff.\n");
+			return BLOCK_NIL;
+		}
+	} else {
+            /* We put a fold mark in the chain we are folding only if
+               we fold in place to help the mount check code. If we do
+               not fold in place, it is possible to find the valid
+               chain by selecting the longer one */
+            oob.u.c.FoldMark = oob.u.c.FoldMark1 = cpu_to_le16(FOLD_MARK_IN_PROGRESS);
+            oob.u.c.unused = 0xffffffff;
+            MTD_WRITEOOB(nftl->mtd, (nftl->EraseSize * targetEUN) + 2 * 512 + 8, 
+                         8, &retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
+        }
+
+	/* OK. We now know the location of every block in the Virtual Unit Chain,
+	   and the Erase Unit into which we are supposed to be copying.
+	   Go for it.
+	*/
+	DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1,"Folding chain %d into unit %d\n", thisVUC, targetEUN);
+	for (block = 0; block < nftl->EraseSize / 512 ; block++) {
+		unsigned char movebuf[512];
+		int ret;
+
+		/* If it's in the target EUN already, or if it's pending write, do nothing */
+		if (BlockMap[block] == targetEUN ||
+		    (pendingblock == (thisVUC * (nftl->EraseSize / 512) + block))) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+                /* copy only in non free block (free blocks can only
+                   happen in case of media errors or deleted blocks) */
+                if (BlockMap[block] == BLOCK_NIL)
+                        continue;
+                
+                ret = MTD_READECC(nftl->mtd, (nftl->EraseSize * BlockMap[block])
+                                  + (block * 512), 512, &retlen, movebuf, (char *)&oob); 
+                if (ret < 0) {
+                    ret = MTD_READECC(nftl->mtd, (nftl->EraseSize * BlockMap[block])
+                                      + (block * 512), 512, &retlen,
+                                      movebuf, (char *)&oob); 
+                    if (ret != -EIO) 
+                        printk("Error went away on retry.\n");
+                }
+                MTD_WRITEECC(nftl->mtd, (nftl->EraseSize * targetEUN) + (block * 512),
+                             512, &retlen, movebuf, (char *)&oob);
+	}
+        
+        /* add the header so that it is now a valid chain */
+        oob.u.a.VirtUnitNum = oob.u.a.SpareVirtUnitNum
+                = cpu_to_le16(thisVUC);
+        oob.u.a.ReplUnitNum = oob.u.a.SpareReplUnitNum = 0xffff;
+        
+        MTD_WRITEOOB(nftl->mtd, (nftl->EraseSize * targetEUN) + 8, 
+                     8, &retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
+
+	/* OK. We've moved the whole lot into the new block. Now we have to free the original blocks. */
+
+	/* At this point, we have two different chains for this Virtual Unit, and no way to tell 
+	   them apart. If we crash now, we get confused. However, both contain the same data, so we
+	   shouldn't actually lose data in this case. It's just that when we load up on a medium which
+	   has duplicate chains, we need to free one of the chains because it's not necessary any more.
+	*/
+	thisEUN = nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC];
+	DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1,"Want to erase\n");
+
+	/* For each block in the old chain (except the targetEUN of course), 
+	   free it and make it available for future use */
+	while (thisEUN <= nftl->lastEUN && thisEUN != targetEUN) {
+		unsigned int EUNtmp;
+
+                EUNtmp = nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN];
+
+                if (NFTL_formatblock(nftl, thisEUN) < 0) {
+			/* could not erase : mark block as reserved
+			 * FixMe: Update Bad Unit Table on disk
+			 */
+			nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN] = BLOCK_RESERVED;
+                } else {
+			/* correctly erased : mark it as free */
+			nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN] = BLOCK_FREE;
+			nftl->numfreeEUNs++;
+                }
+                thisEUN = EUNtmp;
+	}
+	
+	/* Make this the new start of chain for thisVUC */
+	nftl->ReplUnitTable[targetEUN] = BLOCK_NIL;
+	nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC] = targetEUN;
+
+	return targetEUN;
+}
+
+u16 NFTL_makefreeblock( struct NFTLrecord *nftl , unsigned pendingblock)
+{
+	/* This is the part that needs some cleverness applied. 
+	   For now, I'm doing the minimum applicable to actually
+	   get the thing to work.
+	   Wear-levelling and other clever stuff needs to be implemented
+	   and we also need to do some assessment of the results when
+	   the system loses power half-way through the routine.
+	*/
+	u16 LongestChain = 0;
+	u16 ChainLength = 0, thislen;
+	u16 chain, EUN;
+
+	for (chain = 0; chain < nftl->MediaHdr.FormattedSize / nftl->EraseSize; chain++) {
+		EUN = nftl->EUNtable[chain];
+		thislen = 0;
+
+		while (EUN <= nftl->lastEUN) {
+			thislen++;
+			//printk("VUC %d reaches len %d with EUN %d\n", chain, thislen, EUN);
+			EUN = nftl->ReplUnitTable[EUN] & 0x7fff;
+			if (thislen > 0xff00) {
+				printk("Endless loop in Virtual Chain %d: Unit %x\n",
+				       chain, EUN);
+			}
+			if (thislen > 0xff10) {
+				/* Actually, don't return failure. Just ignore this chain and
+				   get on with it. */
+				thislen = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (thislen > ChainLength) {
+			//printk("New longest chain is %d with length %d\n", chain, thislen);
+			ChainLength = thislen;
+			LongestChain = chain;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (ChainLength < 2) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "No Virtual Unit Chains available for folding. "
+		       "Failing request\n");
+		return 0xffff;
+	}
+
+	return NFTL_foldchain (nftl, LongestChain, pendingblock);
+}
+
+/* NFTL_findwriteunit: Return the unit number into which we can write 
+                       for this block. Make it available if it isn't already
+*/
+static inline u16 NFTL_findwriteunit(struct NFTLrecord *nftl, unsigned block)
+{
+	u16 lastEUN;
+	u16 thisVUC = block / (nftl->EraseSize / 512);
+	unsigned int writeEUN;
+	unsigned long blockofs = (block * 512) & (nftl->EraseSize -1);
+	size_t retlen;
+	int silly, silly2 = 3;
+	struct nftl_oob oob;
+
+	do {
+		/* Scan the media to find a unit in the VUC which has
+		   a free space for the block in question.
+		*/
+
+		/* This condition catches the 0x[7f]fff cases, as well as 
+		   being a sanity check for past-end-of-media access
+		*/
+		lastEUN = BLOCK_NIL;
+		writeEUN = nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC];
+                silly = MAX_LOOPS;
+		while (writeEUN <= nftl->lastEUN) {
+			struct nftl_bci bci;
+			size_t retlen;
+                        unsigned int status;
+
+			lastEUN = writeEUN;
+
+			MTD_READOOB(nftl->mtd, (writeEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + blockofs,
+				    8, &retlen, (char *)&bci);
+			
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2, "Status of block %d in EUN %d is %x\n",
+			      block , writeEUN, le16_to_cpu(bci.Status));
+
+                        status = bci.Status | bci.Status1;
+			switch(status) {
+			case SECTOR_FREE:
+				return writeEUN;
+
+			case SECTOR_DELETED:
+			case SECTOR_USED:
+			case SECTOR_IGNORE:
+				break;
+			default:
+				// Invalid block. Don't use it any more. Must implement.
+				break;			
+			}
+			
+			if (!silly--) { 
+				printk(KERN_WARNING
+				       "Infinite loop in Virtual Unit Chain 0x%x\n",
+				       thisVUC);
+				return 0xffff;
+			}
+
+			/* Skip to next block in chain */
+			writeEUN = nftl->ReplUnitTable[writeEUN];
+		}
+
+		/* OK. We didn't find one in the existing chain, or there 
+		   is no existing chain. */
+
+		/* Try to find an already-free block */
+		writeEUN = NFTL_findfreeblock(nftl, 0);
+
+		if (writeEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
+			/* That didn't work - there were no free blocks just
+			   waiting to be picked up. We're going to have to fold
+			   a chain to make room.
+			*/
+
+			/* First remember the start of this chain */
+			//u16 startEUN = nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC];
+			
+			//printk("Write to VirtualUnitChain %d, calling makefreeblock()\n", thisVUC);
+			writeEUN = NFTL_makefreeblock(nftl, 0xffff);
+
+			if (writeEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
+				/* OK, we accept that the above comment is 
+				   lying - there may have been free blocks
+				   last time we called NFTL_findfreeblock(),
+				   but they are reserved for when we're
+				   desperate. Well, now we're desperate.
+				*/
+				DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1, "Using desperate==1 to find free EUN to accommodate write to VUC %d\n", thisVUC);
+				writeEUN = NFTL_findfreeblock(nftl, 1);
+			}
+			if (writeEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
+				/* Ouch. This should never happen - we should
+				   always be able to make some room somehow. 
+				   If we get here, we've allocated more storage 
+				   space than actual media, or our makefreeblock
+				   routine is missing something.
+				*/
+				printk(KERN_WARNING "Cannot make free space.\n");
+				return BLOCK_NIL;
+			}			
+			//printk("Restarting scan\n");
+			lastEUN = BLOCK_NIL;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* We've found a free block. Insert it into the chain. */
+		
+		if (lastEUN != BLOCK_NIL) {
+                    thisVUC |= 0x8000; /* It's a replacement block */
+		} else {
+                    /* The first block in a new chain */
+                    nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC] = writeEUN;
+		}
+
+		/* set up the actual EUN we're writing into */
+		/* Both in our cache... */
+		nftl->ReplUnitTable[writeEUN] = BLOCK_NIL;
+
+		/* ... and on the flash itself */
+		MTD_READOOB(nftl->mtd, writeEUN * nftl->EraseSize + 8, 8,
+			    &retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
+
+		oob.u.a.VirtUnitNum = oob.u.a.SpareVirtUnitNum = cpu_to_le16(thisVUC);
+
+		MTD_WRITEOOB(nftl->mtd, writeEUN * nftl->EraseSize + 8, 8,
+                             &retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
+
+                /* we link the new block to the chain only after the
+                   block is ready. It avoids the case where the chain
+                   could point to a free block */
+                if (lastEUN != BLOCK_NIL) {
+			/* Both in our cache... */
+			nftl->ReplUnitTable[lastEUN] = writeEUN;
+			/* ... and on the flash itself */
+			MTD_READOOB(nftl->mtd, (lastEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + 8,
+				    8, &retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
+
+			oob.u.a.ReplUnitNum = oob.u.a.SpareReplUnitNum
+				= cpu_to_le16(writeEUN);
+
+			MTD_WRITEOOB(nftl->mtd, (lastEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + 8,
+				     8, &retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
+		}
+
+		return writeEUN;
+
+	} while (silly2--);
+
+	printk(KERN_WARNING "Error folding to make room for Virtual Unit Chain 0x%x\n",
+	       thisVUC);
+	return 0xffff;
+}
+
+static int NFTL_writeblock(struct NFTLrecord *nftl, unsigned block, char *buffer)
+{
+	u16 writeEUN;
+	unsigned long blockofs = (block * 512) & (nftl->EraseSize - 1);
+	size_t retlen;
+	u8 eccbuf[6];
+
+	writeEUN = NFTL_findwriteunit(nftl, block);
+
+	if (writeEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING
+		       "NFTL_writeblock(): Cannot find block to write to\n");
+		/* If we _still_ haven't got a block to use, we're screwed */
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	MTD_WRITEECC(nftl->mtd, (writeEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + blockofs,
+		     512, &retlen, (char *)buffer, (char *)eccbuf);
+        /* no need to write SECTOR_USED flags since they are written in mtd_writeecc */
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_NFTL_RW */
+
+static int NFTL_readblock(struct NFTLrecord *nftl, unsigned block, char *buffer)
+{
+	u16 lastgoodEUN;
+	u16 thisEUN = nftl->EUNtable[block / (nftl->EraseSize / 512)];
+	unsigned long blockofs = (block * 512) & (nftl->EraseSize - 1);
+        unsigned int status;
+	int silly = MAX_LOOPS;
+        size_t retlen;
+        struct nftl_bci bci;
+
+	lastgoodEUN = BLOCK_NIL;
+
+        if (thisEUN != BLOCK_NIL) {
+		while (thisEUN < nftl->nb_blocks) {
+			if (MTD_READOOB(nftl->mtd, (thisEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + blockofs,
+					8, &retlen, (char *)&bci) < 0)
+				status = SECTOR_IGNORE;
+			else
+				status = bci.Status | bci.Status1;
+
+			switch (status) {
+			case SECTOR_FREE:
+				/* no modification of a sector should follow a free sector */
+				goto the_end;
+			case SECTOR_DELETED:
+				lastgoodEUN = BLOCK_NIL;
+				break;
+			case SECTOR_USED:
+				lastgoodEUN = thisEUN;
+				break;
+			case SECTOR_IGNORE:
+				break;
+			default:
+				printk("Unknown status for block %d in EUN %d: %x\n",
+				       block, thisEUN, status);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (!silly--) {
+				printk(KERN_WARNING "Infinite loop in Virtual Unit Chain 0x%x\n",
+				       block / (nftl->EraseSize / 512));
+				return 1;
+			}
+			thisEUN = nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN];
+		}
+        }
+
+ the_end:
+	if (lastgoodEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
+		/* the requested block is not on the media, return all 0x00 */
+		memset(buffer, 0, 512);
+	} else {
+		loff_t ptr = (lastgoodEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + blockofs;
+		size_t retlen;
+		u_char eccbuf[6];
+		if (MTD_READECC(nftl->mtd, ptr, 512, &retlen, buffer, eccbuf))
+			return -EIO;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int nftl_ioctl(struct inode * inode, struct file * file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct NFTLrecord *nftl;
+	int p;
+
+	nftl = NFTLs[MINOR(inode->i_rdev) >> NFTL_PARTN_BITS];
+
+	if (!nftl) return -EINVAL;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case HDIO_GETGEO: {
+		struct hd_geometry g;
+
+		g.heads = nftl->heads;
+		g.sectors = nftl->sectors;
+		g.cylinders = nftl->cylinders;
+		g.start = part_table[MINOR(inode->i_rdev)].start_sect;
+		return copy_to_user((void *)arg, &g, sizeof g) ? -EFAULT : 0;
+	}
+	case BLKGETSIZE:   /* Return device size */
+		if (!arg) return -EINVAL;
+		return put_user(part_table[MINOR(inode->i_rdev)].nr_sects,
+                                (long *) arg);
+		
+	case BLKFLSBUF:
+		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) return -EACCES;
+		fsync_dev(inode->i_rdev);
+		invalidate_buffers(inode->i_rdev);
+		if (nftl->mtd->sync)
+			nftl->mtd->sync(nftl->mtd);
+		return 0;
+
+	case BLKRRPART:
+		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) return -EACCES;
+		if (nftl->usecount > 1) return -EBUSY;
+		/* 
+		 * We have to flush all buffers and invalidate caches,
+		 * or we won't be able to re-use the partitions,
+		 * if there was a change and we don't want to reboot
+		 */
+		p = (1<<NFTL_PARTN_BITS) - 1;
+		while (p-- > 0) {
+			kdev_t devp = MKDEV(MAJOR(inode->i_dev), MINOR(inode->i_dev)+p);
+			if (part_table[p].nr_sects > 0)
+				invalidate_device (devp, 1);
+
+			part_table[MINOR(inode->i_dev)+p].start_sect = 0;
+			part_table[MINOR(inode->i_dev)+p].nr_sects = 0;
+		}
+		
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20328
+		resetup_one_dev(&nftl_gendisk, MINOR(inode->i_rdev) >> NFTL_PARTN_BITS);
+#else
+		grok_partitions(&nftl_gendisk, MINOR(inode->i_rdev) >> NFTL_PARTN_BITS,
+				1<<NFTL_PARTN_BITS, nftl->nr_sects);
+#endif
+		return 0;
+
+#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20303)		
+	RO_IOCTLS(inode->i_rdev, arg);  /* ref. linux/blk.h */
+#else
+	case BLKROSET:
+	case BLKROGET:
+	case BLKSSZGET:
+		return blk_ioctl(inode->i_rdev, cmd, arg);
+#endif
+
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+}
+
+void nftl_request(RQFUNC_ARG)
+{
+	unsigned int dev, block, nsect;
+	struct NFTLrecord *nftl;
+	char *buffer;
+	struct request *req;
+	int res;
+
+	while (1) {
+		INIT_REQUEST;	/* blk.h */
+		req = CURRENT;
+		
+		/* We can do this because the generic code knows not to
+		   touch the request at the head of the queue */
+		spin_unlock_irq(&io_request_lock);
+
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2, "NFTL_request\n");
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3, "NFTL %s request, from sector 0x%04lx for 0x%04lx sectors\n",
+		      (req->cmd == READ) ? "Read " : "Write",
+		      req->sector, req->current_nr_sectors);
+
+		dev = MINOR(req->rq_dev);
+		block = req->sector;
+		nsect = req->current_nr_sectors;
+		buffer = req->buffer;
+		res = 1; /* succeed */
+
+		if (dev >= MAX_NFTLS * (1<<NFTL_PARTN_BITS)) {
+			/* there is no such partition */
+			printk("nftl: bad minor number: device = %s\n",
+			       kdevname(req->rq_dev));
+			res = 0; /* fail */
+			goto repeat;
+		}
+		
+		nftl = NFTLs[dev / (1<<NFTL_PARTN_BITS)];
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3, "Waiting for mutex\n");
+		down(&nftl->mutex);
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3, "Got mutex\n");
+
+		if (block + nsect > part_table[dev].nr_sects) {
+			/* access past the end of device */
+			printk("nftl%c%d: bad access: block = %d, count = %d\n",
+			       (MINOR(req->rq_dev)>>6)+'a', dev & 0xf, block, nsect);
+			up(&nftl->mutex);
+			res = 0; /* fail */
+			goto repeat;
+		}
+		
+		block += part_table[dev].start_sect;
+		
+		if (req->cmd == READ) {
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2, "NFTL read request of 0x%x sectors @ %x "
+			      "(req->nr_sectors == %lx)\n", nsect, block, req->nr_sectors);
+	
+			for ( ; nsect > 0; nsect-- , block++, buffer += 512) {
+				/* Read a single sector to req->buffer + (512 * i) */
+				if (NFTL_readblock(nftl, block, buffer)) {
+					DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2, "NFTL read request failed\n");
+					up(&nftl->mutex);
+					res = 0;
+					goto repeat;
+				}
+			}
+
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2,"NFTL read request completed OK\n");
+			up(&nftl->mutex);
+			goto repeat;
+		} else if (req->cmd == WRITE) {
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2, "NFTL write request of 0x%x sectors @ %x "
+			      "(req->nr_sectors == %lx)\n", nsect, block,
+			      req->nr_sectors);
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFTL_RW
+			for ( ; nsect > 0; nsect-- , block++, buffer += 512) {
+				/* Read a single sector to req->buffer + (512 * i) */
+				if (NFTL_writeblock(nftl, block, buffer)) {
+					DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL1,"NFTL write request failed\n");
+					up(&nftl->mutex);
+					res = 0;
+					goto repeat;
+				}
+			}
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2,"NFTL write request completed OK\n");
+#else
+			res = 0; /* Writes always fail */
+#endif /* CONFIG_NFTL_RW */
+			up(&nftl->mutex);
+			goto repeat;
+		} else {
+			DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL0, "NFTL unknown request\n");
+			up(&nftl->mutex);
+			res = 0;
+			goto repeat;
+		}
+	repeat: 
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL3, "end_request(%d)\n", res);
+		spin_lock_irq(&io_request_lock);
+		end_request(res);
+	}
+}
+
+static int nftl_open(struct inode *ip, struct file *fp)
+{
+	int nftlnum = MINOR(ip->i_rdev) >> NFTL_PARTN_BITS;
+	struct NFTLrecord *thisNFTL;
+	thisNFTL = NFTLs[nftlnum];
+
+	DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2,"NFTL_open\n");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_KMOD
+	if (!thisNFTL && nftlnum == 0) {
+		request_module("docprobe");
+		thisNFTL = NFTLs[nftlnum];
+	}
+#endif
+	if (!thisNFTL) {
+		DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2,"ENODEV: thisNFTL = %d, minor = %d, ip = %p, fp = %p\n", 
+		      nftlnum, ip->i_rdev, ip, fp);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_NFTL_RW
+	if (fp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
+		return -EROFS;
+#endif /* !CONFIG_NFTL_RW */
+
+	thisNFTL->usecount++;
+	MOD_INC_USE_COUNT;
+	if (!get_mtd_device(thisNFTL->mtd, -1)) {
+		MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
+		return /* -E'SBUGGEREDOFF */ -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int nftl_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *fp)
+{
+	struct NFTLrecord *thisNFTL;
+
+	thisNFTL = NFTLs[MINOR(inode->i_rdev) / 16];
+
+	DEBUG(MTD_DEBUG_LEVEL2, "NFTL_release\n");
+
+	invalidate_device(inode->i_rdev, 1);
+
+	if (thisNFTL->mtd->sync)
+		thisNFTL->mtd->sync(thisNFTL->mtd);
+	thisNFTL->usecount--;
+	MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
+
+	put_mtd_device(thisNFTL->mtd);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20326
+static struct file_operations nftl_fops = {
+	read:		block_read,
+	write:		block_write,
+	ioctl:		nftl_ioctl,
+	open:		nftl_open,
+	release:	nftl_release,
+	fsync:		block_fsync,
+};
+#else
+static struct block_device_operations nftl_fops = 
+{
+	open:		nftl_open,
+	release:	nftl_release,
+	ioctl: 		nftl_ioctl
+};
+#endif
+
+
+
+/****************************************************************************
+ *
+ * Module stuff
+ *
+ ****************************************************************************/
+
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20212 && defined(MODULE)
+#define init_nftl init_module
+#define cleanup_nftl cleanup_module
+#endif
+
+static struct mtd_notifier nftl_notifier = {
+	add:	NFTL_notify_add,
+	remove:	NFTL_notify_remove
+};
+
+static int __init init_nftl(void)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	printk(KERN_NOTICE
+	       "M-Systems NAND Flash Translation Layer driver. (C) 1999 MVHI\n");
+#ifdef PRERELEASE 
+	printk(KERN_INFO"$Id: nftlcore.c,v 1.73 2001/06/09 01:09:43 dwmw2 Exp $\n");
+#endif
+
+	if (register_blkdev(MAJOR_NR, "nftl", &nftl_fops)){
+		printk("unable to register NFTL block device on major %d\n", MAJOR_NR);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	} else {
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20320
+		blk_dev[MAJOR_NR].request_fn = nftl_request;
+#else
+		blk_init_queue(BLK_DEFAULT_QUEUE(MAJOR_NR), &nftl_request);
+#endif
+		/* set block size to 1kB each */
+		for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+			nftl_blocksizes[i] = 1024;
+		}
+		blksize_size[MAJOR_NR] = nftl_blocksizes;
+
+		nftl_gendisk.next = gendisk_head;
+		gendisk_head = &nftl_gendisk;
+	}
+	
+	register_mtd_user(&nftl_notifier);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit cleanup_nftl(void)
+{
+	struct gendisk *gd, **gdp;
+
+  	unregister_mtd_user(&nftl_notifier);
+  	unregister_blkdev(MAJOR_NR, "nftl");
+  	
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < 0x20320
+  	blk_dev[MAJOR_NR].request_fn = 0;
+#else
+  	blk_cleanup_queue(BLK_DEFAULT_QUEUE(MAJOR_NR));
+#endif	
+
+	/* remove ourself from generic harddisk list
+	   FIXME: why can't I found this partition on /proc/partition */
+  	for (gdp = &gendisk_head; *gdp; gdp = &((*gdp)->next))
+    		if (*gdp == &nftl_gendisk) {
+      			gd = *gdp; *gdp = gd->next;
+      			break;
+		}
+}
+
+module_init(init_nftl);
+module_exit(cleanup_nftl);

FUNET's LINUX-ADM group, linux-adm@nic.funet.fi
TCL-scripts by Sam Shen (who was at: slshen@lbl.gov)